Term\u00edn sl\u00e1venia Ve\u013ekej noci je pohybliv\u00fd, z\u00e1vis\u00ed od lun\u00e1rneho cyklu. Ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e1 nede\u013ea je prvou nede\u013eou po splne Mesiaca, ktor\u00fd nasleduje po dni jarnej rovnodennosti. Pre kres\u0165anov je to najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00ed sviatok cirkevn\u00e9ho roka, kedy sl\u00e1via zm\u0155tvychvstanie Je\u017ei\u0161a Krista. V tradi\u010dnej kult\u00fare sa s Ve\u013ekou nocou sp\u00e1jali aj zvyky spojen\u00e9 so za\u010diatkom jari a po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskych pr\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Sviatky Ve\u013ekej noci <\/strong><\/p>\n Posledn\u00e9 dni ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e9ho alebo aj Ve\u013ek\u00e9ho t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a mali d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa funkciu.<\/p>\n Zelen\u00fd \u0161tvrtok<\/strong> je ch\u00e1pan\u00fd ako spomienka na sl\u00e1venie poslednej ve\u010dere Je\u017ei\u0161a a apo\u0161tolov. Ozna\u010denie \u201ezelen\u00fd\u201c m\u00e1 pod\u013ea Getsemanskej z\u00e1hrady, kde sa Je\u017ei\u0161 modlil. Druh\u00e9 vysvetlenie hovor\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1zov poch\u00e1dza z germ\u00e1nskeho slova greinen \u2013 narieka\u0165. V starej cirkvi sa toti\u017e v tento de\u0148 konalo zmierenie kaj\u00facnikov. Po\u010das sl\u00e1venia om\u0161e sa \u201ezaviazali zvony\u201c a a\u017e do Bielej soboty sa pou\u017e\u00edvali rapk\u00e1\u010de. Niekedy sa s nimi chodilo po dedine, aby hlukom odstra\u0161ili zl\u00e9 sily. Mno\u017estvo \u00fakonov sa t\u00fdkalo zabezpe\u010denia zdravia \u013eud\u00ed a zvierat. Um\u00fdvanie sa v potoku pred v\u00fdchodom Slnka malo prinies\u0165 \u010dloveku zdravie, kr\u00e1su a silu. Chlapcom na Zelen\u00fd \u0161tvrtok strihali vlasy, aby ich mali pekn\u00e9, hust\u00e9 a aby im skoro ne\u0161ediveli. S\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou d\u0148a bolo varenie p\u00f4stnych zeleninov\u00fdch zelen\u00fdch jed\u00e1l \u2013 \u0161pen\u00e1t, \u0161\u0165avel, \u017eih\u013eava.<\/p>\n Ve\u013ek\u00fd piatok<\/strong> je sm\u00fato\u010dn\u00fdm d\u0148om ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e9ho t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a, kedy sa sl\u00e1vi ukri\u017eovanie Je\u017ei\u0161a Krista. V \u013eudovej kult\u00fare sa v tento de\u0148 konali oby\u010daje, ktor\u00e9 nadv\u00e4zovali na oby\u010daje Zelen\u00e9ho \u0161tvrtka. Diev\u010dat\u00e1 si pri potoku pod v\u0155bami \u010desali vlasy, aby ich mali hust\u00e9 a dlh\u00e9. Kto sa chcel zbavi\u0165 chor\u00f4b mal sko\u010di\u0165 do potoka, aby sa choroba na\u013eakala a u\u0161la. V tento de\u0148 sa pod\u013ea predst\u00e1v \u013eud\u00ed \u013eah\u0161ie a r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie hoja rany. Gazdovia preto zna\u010dkovali zvierat\u00e1 \u010di kastrovali baranov. Ak sa nedodr\u017eiaval \u00fapln\u00fd p\u00f4st, pripravovali sa len p\u00f4stne jedl\u00e1 \u2013 strukoviny, zemiakov\u00e9 \u0161\u00fa\u013eance s makom. Konzumovali sa aj \u00faden\u00e9 ryby, zemiaky a voda z kyslej kapusty.<\/p>\n Biela sobota \u00a0<\/strong>je cirkevn\u00fdm sviatkom a sm\u00fato\u010dn\u00fdm d\u0148om. N\u00e1zov dostala pod\u013ea bielej farby r\u00facha, ktor\u00e9 sa v tento de\u0148 odovzd\u00e1va dospel\u00fdm, ktor\u00ed sa obr\u00e1tili na kres\u0165ansk\u00fa vieru. Katechumeni, ako sa im hovor\u00ed, prij\u00edmaj\u00fa na Bielu sobotu hne\u010f tri sviatosti \u2013 krst, prv\u00e9 sv\u00e4t\u00e9 prij\u00edmanie aj birmovku. Cirkevn\u00e9 obrady sa na Bielu sobotu za\u010d\u00ednali a\u017e po zotmen\u00ed. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm \u00fakonom bolo rozv\u00e4zovanie zvonov a pr\u00edprava na oslavu zm\u0155tvychvstania Je\u017ei\u0161a Krista. Pred kostolom sa p\u00e1lil ohe\u0148, kde sa spa\u013eovali zvy\u0161ky posv\u00e4tn\u00fdch predmetov \u2013 star\u00e9ho pa\u0161k\u00e1lu a oleja. Ohe\u0148 bol posv\u00e4ten\u00fd k\u0148azom a zapa\u013eovala sa n\u00edm hlavn\u00e1 svie\u010dka pa\u0161k\u00e1l. Uhl\u00edkom z pahreby kedysi \u013eudia pripisovali magick\u00e9 vlastnosti \u2013 vraj dok\u00e1\u017eu ochr\u00e1ni\u0165 dom pred po\u017eiarom a d\u00e1vali sa aj na polia. Bohat\u00fa \u00farodu ovocia malo zabezpe\u010di\u0165 trasenie stromov. Pripravovali sa obradov\u00e9 jedl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa na druh\u00fd de\u0148 sv\u00e4tili \u2013 \u0161unka, klob\u00e1sa, vaj\u00ed\u010dka.<\/p>\n Ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e1 nede\u013ea <\/strong>\u00a0je vyvrcholen\u00edm ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e9ho t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a a Ve\u013ekej noci. V tento de\u0148 je ukon\u010denie ve\u013ek\u00e9ho 40-d\u0148ov\u00e9ho p\u00f4stu. Na rann\u00fa om\u0161u sa nosili sv\u00e4ti\u0165 jedl\u00e1. Najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edm jedlom boli vaj\u00ed\u010dka. Hojnos\u0165 jed\u00e1l mala zabezpe\u010di\u0165 s\u00fdtos\u0165 v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u010dlenov rodiny po cel\u00fd rok. Obradn\u00e1 bola konzum\u00e1cia prv\u00e9ho vaj\u00ed\u010dka, ktor\u00e9 sa rozdelilo medzi v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u010dlenov rodiny, aby na seba nezabudli\u00a0 a aby sa zabezpe\u010dila ich s\u00fadr\u017enos\u0165. Ve\u013ek\u00fd v\u00fdznam \u013eudia pripisovali n\u00e1vratu z nede\u013enej bohoslu\u017eby \u2013 kto vraj prv\u00fd dobehne domov, tomu prv\u00e9mu dozrie \u00faroda a ako prv\u00fd skon\u010d\u00ed s pr\u00e1cami na poli. \u017deny a diev\u010dat\u00e1 po\u010das nedele zdobili vaj\u00ed\u010dka a ml\u00e1denci z v\u0155bov\u00fdch pr\u00fatov plietli korb\u00e1\u010de.<\/p>\n Ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00fd pondelok <\/strong>\u00a0je posledn\u00fdm d\u0148om sviatkov Ve\u013ekej noci. V tradi\u010dnej \u013eudovej kult\u00fare sa s n\u00edm sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa oby\u010daje \u0161ibania a oblievania diev\u010dat a \u017eien ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00fdm korb\u00e1\u010dom. Tento korb\u00e1\u010d je upleten\u00fd z \u010derstv\u00fdch, naj\u010dastej\u0161ie v\u0155bov\u00fdch pr\u00fatov. K\u00fapa\u010dky a \u0161iba\u010dky za\u010d\u00ednali kedysi hne\u010f po polnoci alebo skoro r\u00e1no. Skupinky ml\u00e1dencov chodili po dedine a nav\u0161tevovali domy, kde mali dospel\u00e9 dievky. Diev\u010dat\u00e1 sa d\u00e1vali \u0161iba\u0165, lebo sa verilo, \u017ee im to zabezpe\u010d\u00ed kr\u00e1su a zdravie. V dom\u00e1cnosti \u0161iba\u010dom za odmenu pon\u00fakli vaj\u00ed\u010dka, kol\u00e1\u010de, v\u00edno alebo p\u00e1lenku. Surov\u00e9 vaj\u00ed\u010dka boli odmenou dospelej ml\u00e1de\u017ee a symbolizovali plodnos\u0165. Ve\u010der usporiadali ml\u00e1denci z\u00e1bavu, na ktor\u00fa pozvali aj dospel\u00e9 diev\u010dat\u00e1. Men\u0161\u00ed chlapci chodili na \u0161iba\u010dku doobeda a odmenou im boli kraslice a cukrovinky, v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti s\u00fa to aj peniaze.<\/p>\n Zbierkov\u00fd predmet z\u00a0m\u00fazea <\/strong><\/p>\n Pova\u017esk\u00e9 m\u00fazeum v \u017diline pripravilo vo ve\u013ekono\u010dnom obdob\u00ed zbierkov\u00fd predmet mesiaca apr\u00edl tematicky zameran\u00fd na ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e9 obdobie. S\u00fa n\u00edm dreven\u00e9 strieka\u010de a korb\u00e1\u010d.<\/strong>Ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00fd pondelok sa nezaobi\u0161iel bez \u0161iba\u010dky a oblieva\u010dky. Nebolo tomu inak ani v obci Divinka, odkia\u013e vystaven\u00e9 zbierkov\u00e9 predmety poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa. Korb\u00e1\u010d je upleten\u00fd z v\u0155bov\u00e9ho pr\u00fatia s ozdobne vypletanou r\u00fa\u010dkou. Dreven\u00e9 strieka\u010de s\u00fa z bazov\u00e9ho dreva.Voda a oblievanie bolo prostriedkom o\u010disty \u010dloveka. Aj po\u010das ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e9ho t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a sa \u013eudia d\u00f4kladne um\u00fdvali. Ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e1 oblieva\u010dka mala prinies\u0165 zdravie a kr\u00e1su. Zele\u0148 mlad\u00fdch pr\u00fatikov vo forme ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00fdch korb\u00e1\u010dov symbolizovala silu, zdravie a svie\u017eos\u0165.<\/p>\n Text: Adriana B\u00e1rdyov\u00e1, Pova\u017esk\u00e9 m\u00fazeum v\u00a0\u017diline<\/p>\n Foto: arch\u00edv PMZA<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e9 obdobie so svojimi zvykmi patr\u00ed ku jarn\u00fdm kalend\u00e1rnym oby\u010dajom. T\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 pred Ve\u013ekou nocou, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd aj Ve\u013ek\u00fd alebo Ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00fd t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148, za\u010d\u00edna Kvetnou nede\u013eou. Po\u010das tohto d\u0148a je zvykom sv\u00e4ti\u0165 pri bohoslu\u017eb\u00e1ch v\u0155bov\u00e9 pr\u00faty \u2013 bahniatka. Veriaci si ich nosia domov a sl\u00fa\u017eia im ako ochrana domu. Sv\u00e4tenie bahniatok sa vysvet\u013euje pod\u013ea toho, \u017ee v tento […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":38985,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38984","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality"],"yoast_head":"\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/pmza.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/IMG_5571-480x360.jpg\")
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