{"id":46037,"date":"2021-10-07T11:01:23","date_gmt":"2021-10-07T09:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pmza.sk\/?p=46037"},"modified":"2022-02-23T08:31:19","modified_gmt":"2022-02-23T07:31:19","slug":"predmetom-mesiaca-invazne-astry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pmza.sk\/?p=46037","title":{"rendered":"Predmetom mesiaca okt\u00f3ber inv\u00e1zne astry"},"content":{"rendered":"

Inv\u00e1zne astry \u2013 atrakt\u00edvne, ale agres\u00edvne sa \u0161\u00edriace<\/strong><\/p>\n

Najv\u010fa\u010dnej\u0161\u00edmi kvetinami okt\u00f3bra s\u00fa astry, zn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa pr\u00edzemn\u00e9 mraz\u00edky a mno\u017estvom atrakt\u00edvnych kultivarov skr\u00e1\u0161\u013euj\u00fa jesenn\u00e9 z\u00e1hradky aj cintor\u00edny.<\/p>\n

Ve\u013ek\u00fa skupinu astier rast\u00facich v\u00a0na\u0161ej krajine v\u0161ak ozna\u010dujeme ako inv\u00e1zne, preto\u017ee sa agres\u00edvne a nekompromisne \u0161\u00edria \u00fazem\u00edm, tvoria rozsiahle \u00a0jednoliate porasty a\u00a0t\u00fdm uberaj\u00fa \u017eivotn\u00fd priestor dom\u00e1cim rastlinn\u00fdm spolo\u010denstv\u00e1m. S\u00fa konkuren\u010dne ve\u013emi zdatn\u00e9, nen\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 na podmienky, bez z\u00e1sahu \u010dloveka skoro nezni\u010dite\u013en\u00e9. Z\u00a0jednej rastliny m\u00f4\u017ee vietor roznies\u0165 a\u017e 200\u00a0000 semien, preto\u017ee bohato kvitn\u00fa, aj ke\u010f kvety s\u00fa pomerne mal\u00e9. Ich roz\u0161irovanie m\u00f4\u017ee obmedzi\u0165 len pravideln\u00e9 kosenie. Astra novobelgick\u00e1, hladk\u00e1, kopijovitolist\u00e1, novoanglick\u00e1, malokvet\u00e1 a\u00a0astra v\u0155bovit\u00e1 poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa zo severnej Ameriky. Splaneli v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou zo z\u00e1hrad a\u00a0roz\u0161\u00edrili sa po celom Slovensku. Nach\u00e1dzame ich pozd\u013a\u017e riek, komunik\u00e1ci\u00ed, skl\u00e1dok a\u00a0na neobhospodarovan\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti s\u00eddiel mimo lesov a\u00a0vysok\u00fdch pohor\u00ed. S\u00fa esteticky ve\u013emi pr\u00edjemn\u00e9, vo\u0148av\u00e9 a medonosn\u00e9, ale negat\u00edva ich hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu a\u00a0ovplyv\u0148ovania prirodzenej fl\u00f3ry ur\u010dite preva\u017euj\u00fa. Mimo pestovan\u00fdch druhov astier u\u00a0n\u00e1s vo vo\u013enej pr\u00edrode rastie p\u00f4vodn\u00e1 teplomiln\u00e1 astra spi\u0161sk\u00e1 a\u00a0ozdobou \u0161trb\u00edn v\u00e1pencov\u00fdch br\u00e1l na\u0161ich pohor\u00ed je astra alp\u00ednska.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0herb\u00e1ri Pova\u017esk\u00e9ho m\u00fazea m\u00e1me z\u00a0okolia zdokumentovan\u00fd v\u00fdskyt astry kopijovitolistej, astry hladkej, astry v\u0155bovitej a\u00a0astry r\u00f4znofarebnej. Pod\u013ea najnov\u0161ieho taxonomick\u00e9ho \u010dlenenia s\u00fa zara\u010fovan\u00e9 do rodu Symphyotrichum<\/em>, ktor\u00fd po celom svete zah\u0155\u0148a 90 druhov. Presn\u00e9 ur\u010denie \u010dasto s\u0165a\u017euje ich vz\u00e1jomn\u00e9 kr\u00ed\u017eenie.<\/p>\n

Astra kopijovitolist\u00e1 (Aster lanceolatus<\/em>) je a\u017e 120 cm vysok\u00e1 bylina, ktor\u00e1 je u\u017e od 19. storo\u010dia pestovan\u00e1 ako okrasn\u00e1 trvalka. N\u00e1zov astry hladkej (Aster laevis<\/em>) upozor\u0148uje na\u00a0 hol\u00fa stonku, odli\u0161nos\u0165ou od pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch s\u00fa aj drobn\u00e9 l\u00edstky na kon\u00e1rikoch hlavnej stonky. A\u017e trojcentimetrov\u00e9 modrofialov\u00e9 korunn\u00e9 lupienky m\u00e1 astra novobelgick\u00e1 (Aster novi-belgii<\/em>), ktor\u00e1 je u\u00a0n\u00e1s najbe\u017enej\u0161ie sa vyskytuj\u00facou inv\u00e1znou astrou. \u00a0Astra r\u00f4znofarebn\u00e1 (Aster x versicolor)<\/em> vznikla pravdepodobne kr\u00ed\u017een\u00edm astry novobelgickej a\u00a0astry hladkej, astra v\u0155bovit\u00e1 (Aster x salignum)<\/em> je kr\u00ed\u017eencom astry novobelgickej a\u00a0kopijovitolistej. Uveden\u00e9 kr\u00ed\u017eence vznikli a\u017e na \u00fazem\u00ed Eur\u00f3py, nes\u00fa znaky obidvoch rodi\u010dovsk\u00fdch rastl\u00edn.<\/p>\n

Pozrie\u0165 si rozkvitnut\u00e9 porasty inv\u00e1znych astier m\u00f4\u017eete priamo v\u00a0\u017diline v\u00a0priebehu okt\u00f3bra, sta\u010d\u00ed sa vybra\u0165 na prech\u00e1dzku popri vodn\u00fdch tokoch alebo okolo opusten\u00fdch pozemkov bl\u00edzko \u017eeleznice. Astra r\u00f4znofarebn\u00e1 je typick\u00e1 po\u010detn\u00fdmi pomerne ve\u013ek\u00fdmi kvetmi s\u00a0fialovo modr\u00fdmi lupienkami, astra kopijovitolist\u00e1 nem\u00e1 na b\u00e1ze listov u\u0161k\u00e1, kvety m\u00e1 drobnej\u0161ie, s\u00a0bielymi lupienkami.<\/p>\n

Fond zbierkov\u00fdch predmetov Pova\u017esk\u00e9ho m\u00fazea zah\u0155\u0148a\u00a0 vy\u0161e 152\u00a0000 predmetov kult\u00farnej hodnoty, ktor\u00e9 m\u00fazeum uchov\u00e1va, ochra\u0148uje, odborne spracov\u00e1va a\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edva na v\u00fdstavn\u00e9 a\u00a0in\u00e9 prezenta\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Fond je rozdelen\u00fd na odbory: hist\u00f3ria, doprava, archeol\u00f3gia, etnol\u00f3gia, drot\u00e1rstvo, geol\u00f3gia, zool\u00f3gia a\u00a0botanika. Odbor botaniky eviduje v herb\u00e1ri vy\u0161e 17\u00a0000 polo\u017eiek ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch a\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch rastl\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 dokumentuj\u00fa fl\u00f3ru severoz\u00e1padn\u00e9ho Slovenska.<\/p>\n

Te\u0161\u00edme sa na va\u0161u n\u00e1v\u0161tevu!<\/p>\n

text: Ing. Kv\u011bta Kickov\u00e1, botani\u010dka Pova\u017esk\u00e9ho m\u00fazea<\/p>\n

foto: arch\u00edv Pova\u017esk\u00e9ho m\u00fazea<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
astra r\u00f4znofarebn\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
astra v\u0155bovit\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
astra kopijovolist\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
astry v herb\u00e1ri Pova\u017esk\u00e9ho m\u00fazea<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
predmet mesiaca v infopulte Budat\u00ednskeho hradu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Inv\u00e1zne astry \u2013 atrakt\u00edvne, ale agres\u00edvne sa \u0161\u00edriace Najv\u010fa\u010dnej\u0161\u00edmi kvetinami okt\u00f3bra s\u00fa astry, zn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa pr\u00edzemn\u00e9 mraz\u00edky a mno\u017estvom atrakt\u00edvnych kultivarov skr\u00e1\u0161\u013euj\u00fa jesenn\u00e9 z\u00e1hradky aj cintor\u00edny. Ve\u013ek\u00fa skupinu astier rast\u00facich v\u00a0na\u0161ej krajine v\u0161ak ozna\u010dujeme ako inv\u00e1zne, preto\u017ee sa agres\u00edvne a nekompromisne \u0161\u00edria \u00fazem\u00edm, tvoria rozsiahle \u00a0jednoliate porasty a\u00a0t\u00fdm uberaj\u00fa \u017eivotn\u00fd priestor dom\u00e1cim rastlinn\u00fdm spolo\u010denstv\u00e1m. S\u00fa konkuren\u010dne […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":46038,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality"],"yoast_head":"\nPredmetom mesiaca okt\u00f3ber inv\u00e1zne astry - Pova\u017esk\u00e9 m\u00fazeum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pmza.sk\/?p=46037\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Predmetom mesiaca okt\u00f3ber inv\u00e1zne astry - Pova\u017esk\u00e9 m\u00fazeum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Inv\u00e1zne astry \u2013 atrakt\u00edvne, ale agres\u00edvne sa \u0161\u00edriace Najv\u010fa\u010dnej\u0161\u00edmi kvetinami okt\u00f3bra s\u00fa astry, zn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa pr\u00edzemn\u00e9 mraz\u00edky a mno\u017estvom atrakt\u00edvnych kultivarov skr\u00e1\u0161\u013euj\u00fa jesenn\u00e9 z\u00e1hradky aj cintor\u00edny. Ve\u013ek\u00fa skupinu astier rast\u00facich v\u00a0na\u0161ej krajine v\u0161ak ozna\u010dujeme ako inv\u00e1zne, preto\u017ee sa agres\u00edvne a nekompromisne \u0161\u00edria \u00fazem\u00edm, tvoria rozsiahle \u00a0jednoliate porasty a\u00a0t\u00fdm uberaj\u00fa \u017eivotn\u00fd priestor dom\u00e1cim rastlinn\u00fdm spolo\u010denstv\u00e1m. 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