Paleontologick\u00e9 zbierky Pova\u017esk\u00e9ho m\u00fazea obsahuj\u00fa skameneliny \/fos\u00edlie\/, ktor\u00e9 dokumentuj\u00fa \u017eivot pod morskou hladinou v\u00a0d\u00e1vnych geologick\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch. K\u00a0unik\u00e1tnym fos\u00edli\u00e1m patria pozit\u00edvne i\u00a0negat\u00edvne odtla\u010dky schr\u00e1nok amonitov.<\/p>\n
Do skupiny amonitov v\u00a0zbierkach m\u00fazea rad\u00edme fragment negat\u00edvneho odtla\u010dku amonita v\u00a0sivom slie\u0148ovci (krieda \u2013 vrchn\u00fd alb), ktor\u00fd poch\u00e1dza z\u00a0Pova\u017esk\u00e9ho Chlmca (Ev. \u010d\u00edslo 1231). \u010eal\u0161\u00edmi fos\u00edliami s\u00fa zachoval\u00e9 pozit\u00edvne a\u00a0negat\u00edvne odtla\u010dky amonitov v\u00a0\u010dervenohnedom slienitom v\u00e1penci (jura), z\u00edskanom z\u00a0lokality Ludrov\u00e1 (Ev. \u010d\u00edsla 63 a\u00a065).<\/p>\n
Ammonoidea boli pomenovan\u00e9 pod\u013ea boha slnka Am\u00f3na, preto\u017ee ich schr\u00e1nka pripom\u00ednala kot\u00fa\u010d. \u013dudia ich nach\u00e1dzali na mnoh\u00fdch miestach na svete. Pre ich \u0161pir\u00e1lovite sto\u010den\u00fa schr\u00e1nku, pripom\u00ednaj\u00facu sto\u010den\u00e9ho hada, ich v\u00a0minulosti naz\u00fdvali aj hadie kamene. Pripisovali im magick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky a\u00a0pova\u017eovali ich za symboly \u0161\u0165astia.<\/p>\n
\u017divo\u010d\u00edchy amonity \/Ammonoidea\/ patria do skupiny m\u00e4kk\u00fd\u0161ov, hlavono\u017ecov. \u017dili v\u00a0moriach od spodn\u00e9ho dev\u00f3nu (prvohory) a\u017e do vrchnej kriedy (druhohory). V\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti je zn\u00e1mych viac ako 1500 druhov. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee ich po\u010det je omnoho vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Vonkaj\u0161ia v\u00e1penn\u00e1 schr\u00e1nka amonitov bola \u0161pir\u00e1lovite sto\u010den\u00e1 v\u00a0jednej rovine. Jej povrch bol rebrovan\u00fd, niekedy s\u00a0hrbol\u010dekmi. Niektor\u00e9 druhy mali po obvode lem, takzvan\u00fd k\u00fdl. Dosahovali rozmer od 1 do 40 cm. Gigantick\u00e9 druhy mali ve\u013ekos\u0165 1 a\u017e 2 m. M\u00e4kk\u00e9 \u010dasti tela neboli dodnes objaven\u00e9. O\u00a0sp\u00f4sobe \u017eivota uva\u017eujeme na z\u00e1klade stavby ich schr\u00e1nok, ktor\u00e9 boli p\u00f4vodne z\u00a0aragonitu, nesk\u00f4r rekry\u0161talizovali na kalcit. Vn\u00fatro schr\u00e1nky rozde\u013eovali priehradky (sept\u00e1) na kom\u00f4rky, ktor\u00e9 vyp\u013a\u0148al plyn. Kom\u00f4rky sp\u00e1jala trubica (sif\u00f3n), ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148ovala zvy\u0161ovanie a\u00a0zni\u017eovanie tlaku plynu, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148ovalo amonitom st\u00fapa\u0165, pr\u00edpadne klesa\u0165. V\u00a0poslednej kom\u00f4rke sa nach\u00e1dzali m\u00e4kk\u00e9 \u010dasti organizmu. \u00dastny apar\u00e1t tvorili do\u0161ti\u010dkovit\u00e9 \u00fatvary aptichy a\u00a0anaptichy, medzi ktor\u00fdmi sa nach\u00e1dzal jaz\u00fd\u010dek (radula) s\u00a0mnoh\u00fdmi drobn\u00fdmi z\u00fabkami. Okolo \u00fast mali osem a viac ch\u00e1padiel, sl\u00fa\u017eiacich na zachyt\u00e1vanie potravy.<\/p>\n
Amonity po\u010das svojej 400 mili\u00f3nov rokov trvaj\u00facej existencie pre\u0161li zna\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdvojom. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed rozvoj zaznamenali v\u00a0druhohor\u00e1ch, pre ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa ved\u00facimi skamenelinami. Zvy\u0161ky amonitov s\u00fa op\u00edsan\u00e9 vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch pohoriach Alpsko-karpatskej s\u00fastavy.<\/p>\n
Text: Mgr. Andrea Slan\u00e1, PhD.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Paleontologick\u00e9 zbierky Pova\u017esk\u00e9ho m\u00fazea obsahuj\u00fa skameneliny \/fos\u00edlie\/, ktor\u00e9 dokumentuj\u00fa \u017eivot pod morskou hladinou v\u00a0d\u00e1vnych geologick\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch. K\u00a0unik\u00e1tnym fos\u00edli\u00e1m patria pozit\u00edvne i\u00a0negat\u00edvne odtla\u010dky schr\u00e1nok amonitov. Do skupiny amonitov v\u00a0zbierkach m\u00fazea rad\u00edme fragment negat\u00edvneho odtla\u010dku amonita v\u00a0sivom slie\u0148ovci (krieda \u2013 vrchn\u00fd alb), ktor\u00fd poch\u00e1dza z\u00a0Pova\u017esk\u00e9ho Chlmca (Ev. \u010d\u00edslo 1231). \u010eal\u0161\u00edmi fos\u00edliami s\u00fa zachoval\u00e9 pozit\u00edvne a\u00a0negat\u00edvne odtla\u010dky amonitov […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":58200,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality"],"yoast_head":"\n